科罗纳多CORONADO

1536年7月四个幸存者带着西班牙皇权来到了新西班牙，也就是现在的墨西哥城，接着总督门多萨试图从瓦埃斯探险中幸存下来的这三名西班牙公民招募一名，回到北方去查证一下，是否真的像一路上印第安人所说的，北方有很多大型动物，大型城市和财富。当朵兰提斯安顿下来以后，德瓦卡动身前往西班牙(门多萨不知道)，他想获得国王的许可，从瓦埃斯离开的地方开始，门多萨决定从朵兰提斯手中买下埃斯特班。门多萨选择了神父马科斯·德·尼扎作为这次侦察的领导者，让埃斯特班协助德·尼扎。于是，1539年7月3日，这两个人和一群感兴趣的当地印第安人从库利亚坎向北进发，寻找传说中的西波拉七座城。在这一过程中，他们沿着地图上的黑线，踏着德瓦卡-埃斯特班那帮人之前的足迹，然后沿着金色线所指示的其它印第安路线向北行进。
After the four survivors arrived in July 1536 at the seat of Spanish power in New Spain, located in present-day Mexico City, Viceroy Mendoza sought to enlist any of the three Spanish citizens surviving the Narvaez expedition to go back north to verify what they had heard along the way from Indians about large animals and great cities and wealth to the north. But with Dorantes settling down and deVaca leaving for Spain with the intention (unbeknownst to Mendoza) of gaining the King’s permission pick up where Narvaez left off, he decided to buy Esteban from Dorantes. Chosing Friar Marcos de Nizza as leader of this reconnaissance, Mendoza put Esteban at de Nizza’s service. As a result, 3/7/1539 saw these two and a troop of interested local Indians heading north from Culiacan to locate the rumored Seven Cities of Cibola. In doing so, they followed the black line on the map, retracing the de Vaca - Esteban band’s previous footsteps, before following other Indian trails north as indicated by the golden line.

金色线的金色，象征着梦想，在推动着这些人和他们背后的支持者。
The gold line is golden because of the dreams propelling these men and their backers.

埃斯特班和牧师采用的探索方法和程序是由牧师规定的。
The means of discovery and the routine Esteban and the priest followed was laid out by the priest thusly.

弗雷·马科斯·德·尼扎，“关系…”，范尼·班德列尔译，《阿尔瓦·努涅斯·卡贝萨·德·瓦卡家族和他的同伴从佛罗里达到太平洋的旅程，1528-1536》(纽约:A.S. 巴恩斯公司, 1905年)，第207- 208页:
Frey Marcos de Nizza, ”Relación …,” trans. Fanny Bandelier, The Journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his Companions from Florida to the Pacific, 1528-1536,” (New York: A. S. Barnes & Company, 1905), pp. 207- 208:

我把印第安人兵分三路，让他们带一些沿海的印第安人和岛上的印第安人来，这样我就能了解到他们的情况。我让黑人斯蒂芬·多兰特兹去另外一条路，我吩咐他直接向北走五十或六十里格,去看看那里有没有值得注意和发现的东西。我同意他的,如果他发现任何重要的居住地和富裕国家,他应该不继续前行了，立刻动身返回，或者派几个印第安人带着我们约定好的标志给我，也就是说，如果是不好的事情，他就会送我一把长的白色十字架;要是有什么大事，两把长的白色十字架;如果那是一个比新西班牙更伟大更好的国家，他会送我一个很大的十字架。
I sent certain Indians by three several ways whom I commanded to bring me some Indians of the Sea-coast and of some of those Islands that I might receive information of them: And I sent Stephan Dorantez the Negro another way, whom I commanded to go directly northward fifty or threescore leagues, to see if by that way he might learn any news of any notable thing which we sought to discover, and I agreed with him that if he found any knowledge of any peopled and rich country which were of great importance, that he should go no further but should return in person, or should send me certain Indians with that token which we were agreed upon, to wit, that if it were but a mean thing, he should send me a White Cross of one handful long; and if it were any great matter, one of two handfuls long; and if it were a Country greater and better then Nueva Espana, he should send me a great. cross.

在临近城镇时，埃斯特班收到了印第安人的大量报告。弗雷·马科斯报告说，埃斯特班经过了一个印第安人居住地城镇。
Upon nearing the town, Esteban had great reports from the Indians. Frey Marcos reports that the Indian residents of a town Esteban had passed through.

第222页：
p.222:

…...告诉我说，那个黑人斯蒂芬有300多人陪伴着，为他运送食物，他们中的许多人也会和我一起，为我服务，因为他们希望赚了钱以后回家。我感谢他们,希望他们速战速决,所以我在那里休息了三天,我总是想到西波拉,想到我可以学习的其它许多事情。我召集了很多印第安人,验证他们每个人的说法，都是一致的，而且和我之前了解到的一样，包括人口数量,街道顺序,房屋大小,门的强度。
… told me, that with Stephan the Negro were gone above 300 men to bear him company, and to carry victuals after him, and that in like sort many of them would go with me to serve me, because they hoped to return home rich. I thanked them, and willed them to set things in order with speed, and so I rested there three days, wherein I always informed myself of Cibola, and of as many other things as I could learn, and called many Indians unto me, and examined them severally and all of them agreed in one tale, and told me of the great multitude of people, and of the order of the streets, of the greatness of the houses, and of the strength of the gates, agreeing altogether that which the rest before had told me.

所以弗雷·马科斯·德·尼扎和四位幸存者的听闻是一样的，但他实际上并没有真正进入西波拉城。起初，引人注目的埃斯特班受到了西波拉人的不友好对待，因为他携带了一个敌对部落的挂有药用葫芦的权杖。另外，令人难以置信是，他是一个黑人，却代表着一个白人种族和宗教。埃斯特班的随从中两个受了伤的友好的印第安人告诉了德·尼扎关于埃斯特班的死讯，于是德·尼扎匆忙返回了门多萨。因此，从8月下旬到1539年9月2日，德·尼扎再次回到了门多萨身边，除了更详细的传闻，其它什么都没有。埃斯特班的死表明了西波拉城是有价值的，值得保护。
So Frey Marcos de Nizza heard the same kinds of claims the four survivors had heard, but he never actually entered Cibola. Flamboyant Esteban, in the advance, had met an unfriendly welcome from the Cibolans owing to his carrying an opposing tribe’s healing-gourd-topped mace, as well as his unlikely story that he, a black man, was representing a race and religion of white men. A couple bloodied friendly Indians from Esteban’s retinue told de Nizza of Esteban’s death, prompting a hasty return to Mendoza. Thus, late August to 9/2/1539, de Nizza reappeared before Mendoza, with nothing but more detailed rumors, and Esteban’s death suggesting there was power in Cibola and something worth protecting.

你可以通过点击文本底部的链接来阅读德·尼扎的叙述。
You can read De Nizza’s account by clicking on the link that’s at the bottom of the print version of this note.