科罗纳多CORONADO

在科罗纳多的时代，这条河滔滔不绝地涌出。我称这一站为：水坝建造前的科罗拉多河漂流。
In Coronado’s time, the River was absolutely gushing with all it had to give. I’m calling this stop: Rafting the Colorado, before dams.

1540年5月9日，赫尔曼多·德·阿拉尔孔在新西班牙总督门多萨的命令下，从阿卡普尔科向西波拉的七个城市运送食物，以支持科罗纳多的陆路远征。这个想法当时是有道理的，因为弗雷·马科斯(他曾被门多萨派往北方执行侦察任务)在他前往西波拉的路线上，错误地报告了海洋的相对距离。
In support of the overland Coronado expedition to the Seven Cities of Cibola, Hemando de Alarcón sailed under orders of Mendoza, Viceroy of New Spain, on May 9, 1540 from Acapulco with food for the expedition. This idea made sense then because Frey Marcos (whom Mendoza had sent north on a scouting mission) incorrectly reported the relative proximity of the ocean to his route to Cibola.

阿拉尔孔沿着西海岸向北航行，来到了科罗拉多河的入海口(他把这条河命名为布埃纳吉亚)。1540年8月26日(按照佩尔·科罗纳多的士兵卡斯塔涅达的说法)，阿拉尔孔带着20人开始向河上游出发。以下是他在日记中说的话：[翻页的声音]：
Sailing north along the west coast, Alarcón came upon the mouth of the Colorado River (which he named Buena Guia). On August 26, 1540 (per Coronado’s soldier Castañeda), Alarcón and twenty men started up the river. Here’s what he said in his journal: [Sound of page turning]:

我们艰难地继续前进，时而把船头转向这边，时而转向那边，试图找到航道。上帝让我们这样走到海湾的尽头。在这里，我们发现了一条大河，水流湍急，我们几乎无法逆流而上。所以我决定尽我所能，沿着这条河航行，用两条小舟，一条留在船上。
We continued ahead with great difficulty, turning our prows now this way, now that, in trying to find the channel. God willed that thus we should reach the end of the gulf. Here we found a mighty river with such a furious current that we could scarcely sail against it. So I decided to sail up the said river the best way I could, in two boats, leaving the other with the ships.

在遇到武装的印第安人时，他解释说他来自太阳(他们崇拜太阳)，以此寻求他们的帮助和尊重，印第安人出手相助，用绳索拉着小船逆流而上，于是阿拉尔孔克服了湍急的水流。他接着说：印第安人非常自愿，而且相互勉励，所以不需要请求他们。如果没有他们的帮助，水流那么急，而且抓绳子的人又没有经验，要逆流而上是不可能的。
Upon encountering armed Indians whose help and respect he sought by convincing them he came from the sun (which they worshipped), Alarcón overcame the swift current with the help of Indians pulling the boats upstream with ropes. He goes on to say:The Indians took to the ropes so willingly and in such rivalry with one another that it was not necessary to ask them. Had it not been for this help, the current being so swift and the men at the ropes inexperienced, it would have been impossible to navigate up stream against the current.

在返回到停泊在河口的船上时，阿拉尔孔写道：逆流而上，我花了15天半的时间走完的这段距离，在回来的时候，我只用了两天半，那个水流真的是又大又急。
On returning to the ships anchored at the river’s mouth, Alarcon wrote:The distance that had taken me fifteen and a half days to travel against the current upstream, I traveled on my way back in two and a half days, so great and swift was the current.

历史学家赫伯特·博尔顿总结说，阿拉尔孔到达了科罗拉多上游的吉拉河支流(尤马以北)，阿拉尔孔报告说，他已经进入了30多里格（长度单位）的内陆地区。
Historian Herbert Bolton concluded Alarcón got as far up the Colorado as the tributary Gila River (north of Yuma), and Alarcon reported he had gone more than thirty leagues inland.

在尤马的科罗拉多河州立历史公园，奥拉告诉我，还有现在的游客们，一个航行的旧时代，现状和未来的畅想。
Colorado River State Historic Park in Yuma Aura tells me presents visitors with a snapshot of the navigable old days, the present, and mulls what’s next.

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